重要事实霍乱是一种急性腹泻性疾病,如未经治疗,可在数小时内致命。据估计,每年有300万至500万霍乱病例,10万至12万人由此丧命。利用口服补液盐,可使多达80%的病例得以成功治疗。有效的控制措施依靠预防、防备和应对活动。提供安全饮用水和环境卫生对于降低霍乱和其他水源性疾病至关重要。口服霍乱疫苗被认为是霍乱控制的附加方式,但不应当取代传统的控制措施。 Important facts Cholera is an acute diarrheal disease that can be fatal within hours if untreated. It is estimated that between 3 and 5 million cases of cholera occur each year, with 100,000 to 120,000 people killed. With oral rehydration salts, up to 80% of cases can be successfully treated. Effective controls rely on prevention, preparedness and response activities. Providing safe drinking water and sanitation is crucial to reducing cholera and other water-borne diseases. Oral cholera vaccines are considered additional ways of controlling cholera, but should not replace traditional control measures.