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目的探讨血铅水平对学龄儿童注意力和行为的影响,为临床防治提供依据。方法连续选择2010年10月-2011年6月因多动、注意力不集中而来医院儿童保健门诊就诊的学龄儿童(智力低下和其他神经系统疾病儿童除外)418名,对所有儿童进行血铅测定,采用持续性操作测试进行注意力测试,同时家长根据儿童情况进行Conners问卷评估。比较不同血铅水平儿童的注意力及行为方面的差异。结果 (1)高血铅组儿童轻-中度、重度注意力缺陷的检出率明显高于低血铅组;高血铅组儿童的错误数、反应时间多于低血铅组且差异有统计学意义,两组的漏报数差异无统计学意义。(2)Conners问卷评估显示高血铅组儿童的品行问题、冲动—多动、多动指数、总分的得分均高于低血铅组且差异有统计学意义;而两组在学习问题、心身问题、焦虑等方面得分差异无统计学意义。结论较高的血铅水平会导致学龄儿童的注意力缺陷和行为异常,宜早期干预。
Objective To investigate the effect of blood lead level on the attention and behavior of school-age children and provide the basis for clinical prevention and treatment. METHODS: A total of 418 school-aged children (except mental retardation and other neurological diseases) who visited the hospital child health clinic due to hyperactivity and inattention from October 2010 to June 2011 were continuously selected and blood lead Measurements were taken with attentional tests using continuous operation tests, while parents assessed Conners questionnaires based on children’s condition. Differences in attention and behavior of children at different blood lead levels were compared. Results (1) The detection rate of mild to moderate and severe attention deficit in high blood lead group was significantly higher than that in low blood lead group. The number of errors and reaction time in high blood lead group was more than that of low blood lead group Statistical significance, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. (2) The Conners questionnaire assessment showed that the children with high blood lead group had higher scores of conduct, impulse-hyperactivity, hyperactivity index and total score than those of low blood lead group, and the difference was statistically significant. However, Psychosomatic problems, anxiety and other aspects of the score difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions Higher blood lead levels can lead to attention deficit and behavior disorders in school-age children and should be early intervention.