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1966年,Goldstein等从小牛胸腺中提取了具有免疫学活性的物质,并命名为胸腺素(Thymosin)。胸腺素是由胸腺分泌的,化学类型为几种多肽或蛋白质激素的总称。这些活性物质参与机体的细胞免疫反应,具有增强免疫系统功能的作用,至少可以部分地替代胸腺的功能。它能使三种类型的淋巴细胞即淋巴干细胞、较成熟的淋巴细胞和T细胞亚群分化为成熟的、有细胞免疫活性的T淋巴细胞。因此近年来,国外已将胸腺素用于治疗与免疫学有关的疾病。如自身免疫性疾病,病毒性感染,儿童免疫缺陷病及恶性肿瘤的免疫治疗。据报道,临床结果显示能使部分病人的临床症状得到控制或改善;而且临床使用和对实验动物小鼠和狗作急性毒性试验无明显毒性反应。
In 1966, Goldstein and other extracted from the calf thymus immunologically active substances, and named thymosin (Thymosin). Thymosin is secreted by the thymus, the chemical type of several peptides or protein hormone in general. These active substances are involved in the cellular immune response of the body and have the function of enhancing the function of the immune system, at least partially replacing the function of the thymus. It differentiates three types of lymphocytes, lymphoid stem cells, mature lymphocytes, and T-cell subsets into mature, cell-immunoreactive T lymphocytes. Therefore, in recent years, foreign countries have been used to treat thymosin and immunological-related diseases. Such as autoimmune diseases, viral infections, childhood immunodeficiency disease and immunotherapy of malignant tumors. It is reported that clinical results show that some patients can be controlled or improved clinical symptoms; and clinical use and experimental animals in mice and dogs for acute toxicity test showed no significant toxicity.