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在田间试验条件下,以转基因(Bn-cs RRM2)高产棉及其亲本常规棉中棉所12为研究对象,比较分析2种棉花在不同生育期(苗期、蕾期、花铃期和吐絮期)对土壤速效养分和酶活性的影响。结果表明,随生育期推进,转基因高产棉土壤铵态氮和硝态氮含量变化趋势与常规棉一致,土壤速效磷含量变化趋势与常规棉不同。转基因高产棉土壤速效磷含量在蕾期、花铃期和吐絮期与常规棉无显著差异;铵态氮含量在苗期、蕾期和花铃期与常规棉无显著差异;硝态氮含量在吐絮期显著高于常规棉,其余3个时期显著低于常规棉。随生育期推进,转基因高产棉土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性变化趋势与常规棉一致,碱性磷酸酶活性变化趋势与常规棉略有不同。转基因高产棉土壤脲酶活性在苗期、蕾期和吐絮期显著高于常规棉,在花铃期无显著差异;过氧化氢酶活性在苗期和吐絮期与常规棉无显著差异;碱性磷酸酶活性只在吐絮期与常规棉无显著差异。表明,土壤养分和酶活性受转基因高产棉的影响较小,其变化主要受到生育期的影响。
Under the field experiment conditions, the cotton (Bn-cs RRM2) high yielding cotton and its parent cotton Cn 12 were selected to study the effects of two kinds of cotton at different growth stages (seedling stage, bud stage, boll stage and boll opening Period) on soil available nutrients and enzyme activities. The results showed that with the promotion of growth period, the content of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in transgenic high yielding cotton soil was consistent with that of conventional cotton, and the trend of available phosphorus in soil was different from that of conventional cotton. The contents of available P in transgenic cotton with high yield were not significantly different from those of conventional cotton in budding stage, boll opening stage and boll opening stage. The contents of ammonium nitrogen in seedling stage, bud stage and flower stage were not significantly different from those in conventional cotton. The bolting time was significantly higher than conventional cotton, the other three periods were significantly lower than the conventional cotton. With the promotion of growth period, the trend of urease and catalase activity in transgenic cotton with high yield was consistent with that of conventional cotton, and the trend of alkaline phosphatase activity was slightly different from that of conventional cotton. The urease activity of transgenic high yielding cotton soil was significantly higher than that of conventional cotton at seedling stage, bud stage and boll opening stage, but no significant difference at flowering stage. The activity of catalase had no significant difference with that of conventional cotton at seedling stage and bolting stage. Enzymatic activity was not significantly different from that of conventional cotton at boll opening stage. The results showed that soil nutrients and enzyme activities were less affected by transgenic high-yielding cotton and their changes were mainly affected by the growth period.