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比较和研究了我国新疆棉区及黄河长江流域棉区98个不同棉花品种和品系的抗早衰特性及早衰发生的动态消长规律。结果发现,不同棉花品种抗早衰特性存在着明显的差异,抗早衰、中抗早衰、感早衰、极感早衰品种分别占所试品种3.06%、18.37%、60.20%和18.37%。该结果大致反映了目前我国各棉区大多主栽品种抗早衰遗传基础差。早衰发生的动态消长规律研究结果显示棉花早衰具有普发、暴发和不可逆的特点。基于早衰对我国目前棉花生产危害状况,就有关防治策略和措施进行了探讨。
The anti-premature decay characteristics and dynamic growth and decline of 98 different cotton cultivars and lines in Xinjiang cotton area and the Yangtze River valley of Yellow River in China were compared and studied. The results showed that there were significant differences in the anti-premature senility characteristics of different cotton cultivars. The anti-premature senility, middle anti-premature senility, premature senility and premature senility were 3.06%, 18.37%, 60.20% and 18.37% of the tested varieties. The results generally reflect the current poor genetic basis of most of the main cultivars of cotton in our country. The dynamic growth and decline of premature aging results show that cotton premature aging with generalized, outbreaks and irreversible features. Based on the premature decline on the current status of China’s cotton production hazards, on the prevention and control strategies and measures were discussed.