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为了研究考古开挖过程中的探方稳定性,以杭州地区良渚遗址为例,开挖了长、宽为5 m,深度为2.3m,中间附带考古柱的模拟考古探方.在开挖过程中实时监测探方和邻近区域的稳定性参数,包括地面沉降、侧向位移、孔隙水压力和地下水位监测.监测数据表明,由于降水和探方侧边卸荷引起的地面沉降基本上随着离探方边缘距离的增大而减小,探方四边的侧向位移显示也沿深度方向的非线性变化且最大侧向位移值满足稳定性要求.孔隙压力和水位数据的变化表明,软土地区土体固结速率较慢,探方开挖之后的长期稳定性监测显得十分重要.同时,模拟探访发掘证明了台阶状开挖可以比垂直开挖更有效地减少侧向位移.模拟试验对于杭州良渚遗址的正式考古发掘提供了参考价值.
In order to study the stability of the exploration side in the excavation of archeology, taking the Liangzhu site in Hangzhou as an example, a simulated archaeological exploration site with a length of 5 m, a depth of 2.3 m and an archeological column attached thereto was excavated. Real-time monitoring of the stability parameters of the exploration site and its adjacent areas, including land subsidence, lateral displacement, pore water pressure and groundwater level monitoring, shows that land subsidence due to precipitation and lateral unloading of the probe basically The distance from the edge of the probe decreases and the lateral displacements of the four sides of the probe show nonlinear changes along the depth and the maximum lateral displacement values meet the stability requirements.The changes of pore pressure and water level data show that the soft The soil consolidation rate is slow in the soil area, and the long-term stability monitoring after exploration is very important. Simultaneously, the excavation proved that the stepped excavation can reduce the lateral displacement more effectively than the vertical excavation. For the official site of Liangzhu in Hangzhou excavation provides a reference value.