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目的了解冰雪灾害对居民生活和健康的影响,为公共卫生应急对策提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,对1416户居民进行入户问卷调查,进行描述流行病学分析。结果雪灾期间(22d)有8.52%的家庭房屋倒塌或破损,出行的首选交通方式以步行为多(占60.93%)。伤害发生率为19.00%,居前3位的是冻伤(冻疮)、跌伤和交通事故。雪灾期间患病率为34.05%,居前3位的是高血压、感冒和慢性胃炎。结论冰雪灾害对居民的生活和健康造成了危害,在灾害之前应采取有针对性的公共卫生应急对策,减少危害的发生。
Objective To understand the impact of ice and snow disaster on the life and health of residents and provide the basis for public health emergency response. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey 1416 households and analyzed their epidemiological characteristics. As a result, 8.52% of domestic houses collapsed or were damaged during the snowstorm (22d). The preferred mode of transportation for trips was walking (60.93%). The incidence of injuries was 19.00%. The top three were frostbite (frostbite), falls and traffic accidents. The prevalence rate during the snowstorm was 34.05%. The top 3 were high blood pressure, cold and chronic gastritis. Conclusion The ice disaster has caused the harm to the life and health of the residents. Before the disaster, the public health emergency measures should be taken to reduce the harm.