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目的了解潍坊市城郊小学生肺活量现况及其与形态发育指标的相互关系,掌握小学生健康状况,为拟定健康干预措施提供依据。方法 2015年1月采取抽签的方法在潍坊市城区和郊区分别选择3所小学,然后采用整群抽样的方法对8~12岁的3 612名小学生进行身高、体重、胸围、肺活量测量,并采用多元逐步回归分析法构建肺活量的回归方程模型。结果同性别之间,除12岁组女生外(P>0.05),其余各年龄组郊区小学生肺活量及肺活量/身高指数均大于城区小学生(P<0.05)。不同性别之间,9、10岁组城区男生与女生、8和10~12岁组郊区男生与女生肺活量进行比较,男生肺活量大于女生(P<0.05);9~11岁年龄组城区男生与女生、8和10~12岁年龄组郊区男生与女生肺活量/身高指数进行比较,男生大于女生(P<0.05)。以肺活量为因变量建立回归方程,自变量身高、生源、年龄、体重、性别被引入模型,回归模型的决定系数为0.665。结论潍坊市8~12岁小学生肺活量存在城郊差异,对小学生肺活量影响较大的因素依次为身高、生源、年龄、体重、性别。
Objective To understand the status quo of the vital capacity of pupils in suburban areas of Weifang City and their relationship with the morphological indicators of development and master the health status of pupils in order to provide the basis for the formulation of health interventions. Methods In January 2015, three primary schools were selected in downtown and suburban districts of Weifang City by lottery. Height, weight, chest circumference and vital capacity of 3 612 pupils aged 8-12 years were measured by cluster sampling. Multiple regression analysis to establish regression model of vital capacity. Results In the same sex, except for 12-year-old girls (P> 0.05), the pupal spirits and vital capacity / height index of suburban students in other age groups were higher than that of urban pupils (P <0.05). The spirits of boys and girls in suburban areas of boys aged 9 and 10 were significantly higher than boys in girls aged 9 and 10 and boys and girls in age groups of 8 and 10 to 12 years old (P <0.05) , Boys and girls were higher than girls (P <0.05) in 8 and 10-12 age groups. The regression equation was established based on the vital capacity as the dependent variable. The independent variables such as height, origin, age, weight and sex were introduced into the model. The coefficient of determination for the regression model was 0.665. Conclusions There are suburb differences in primary lung capacity of 8 to 12-year-old pupils in Weifang City. The factors influencing vital capacity of pupils are height, source, age, weight and sex.