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目的探讨急性氯气中毒后肺损伤的情况。方法对41例急性氯气中毒患者(轻度15例、中度15例、重度11例)分别于入院48 h内、出院后6个月及2年,进行3次症状评估、胸部X射线检查及肺功能检测,并与对照组中11例健康人的肺功能进行比较。结果急性氯气中毒患者均有呼吸道症状,胸片及肺功能检查多数异常且与中毒程度密切相关。所有患者第2次检查胸片均恢复正常。轻度中毒者第2次复查肺功能均正常。中度中毒者第2次复查,有4例肺功能异常,第3次复查均正常。重度中毒者第2次检查有6例肺功能异常,第3次检查仍有5例肺功能轻度异常,但与对照组肺功能比较差异无显著性。结论急性氯气中毒可导致短暂性呼吸道症状、呼吸道的损害和X射线表现,但可引起肺小气道和弥散功能的长久损害。
Objective To investigate the situation of lung injury after acute chlorine poisoning. Methods Thirty-one patients with acute chlorine poisoning (mild 15 cases, moderate 15 cases, severe 11 cases) were evaluated within 48 hours after admission, 6 months and 2 years after discharge, and 3 times of symptom evaluation, chest X-ray examination and Pulmonary function tests were performed and lung function was compared with that of 11 healthy people in the control group. Results Acute chlorine poisoning patients had respiratory symptoms, chest X-ray and pulmonary function tests were most abnormal and closely related to the degree of poisoning. The second examination of all patients returned to normal chest X-ray. Mild poisoning the second review of lung function are normal. Moderate poisoning the second review, there are 4 cases of lung dysfunction, the third review were normal. Severe poisoning in the second examination of 6 cases of lung dysfunction, the third examination still 5 cases of mild lung function abnormalities, but with the control group, no significant difference in lung function. Conclusions Acute chlorine poisoning can cause transient respiratory symptoms, respiratory tract damage, and X-ray manifestations but can cause long-term damage to pulmonary airway and diffuse function.