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microRNA是一种可控制基因表达的内源性非编码小分子单链RNA,由21~22个核苷酸组成,存在于多种生物体内。目前,人类基因组中已有1 424个microRNA得到证实~([1])。成熟的单链microRNA与某些蛋白结合形成microRNA诱导的基因沉默复合物(miRISC),miRISC中的microRNA通过与靶mRNA分子的3’端非编码区域(3’-UTR)互补,导致mRNA分子的降解或翻译受到抑制,从而控制基因转录后的表达调控。mi-
MicroRNAs are endogenous, non-coding, small, single-stranded RNAs that control gene expression, and consist of 21 to 22 nucleotides in many organisms. At present, 1 424 microRNAs have been confirmed in the human genome ~ ([1]). Mature single-stranded microRNA binds to certain proteins to form microRNA-induced gene silencing complex (miRISC). MiRNA in miRISC complements the 3’-UTR (non-coding region of target mRNA) Degradation or translation is inhibited, thereby controlling gene expression after transcriptional regulation. mi-