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目的调查农村留守与非留守儿童营养供给及体格发育状况,探寻农村留守和非留守儿童存在的健康问题,为政府决策提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取湖北省外出打工人群较多的3个县为调查现场,调查农村留守儿童和非留守儿童共2170人,其中留守儿童1085人,对照组儿童1085人。进行体格测量、实验室检查,对两组儿童的体格发育状况进行比较。结果农村儿童的贫血患病率均在44.00%以上,其体重、身高、头围、胸围和上臂围等5项体格发育指标均值均低于《2005年中国九市郊区儿童体格发育标准》;留守儿童与非留守儿童的体格发育差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但留守儿童5项体格发育指标均值略低。结论农村儿童体格发育状况堪忧,留守儿童更为突出。应加强农村儿童的体格发育状况监测,普及健康教育,开展营养指导,增强抚养人的监护意识和养育水平。
Objective To investigate the nutritional supply and physical development of left-behind and left-behind children in rural areas and explore the health problems of left-behind and left-behind children in rural areas and provide the basis for government decision-making. Methods A total of 2 1707 left-behind children and non-left-behind children were surveyed in 3 counties with more migrant workers in Hubei Province, including 1,055 left-behind children and 1085 left-off children in the control group people. Physical measurements and laboratory tests were performed to compare the physical development status of the two groups of children. Results The prevalence of anemia in rural children was above 44.00%. The mean values of body weight, body height, head circumference, chest circumference and upper arm circumference were all lower than those of “Physical Fitness Development Standards of Children in Suburban China in 2005” There was no significant difference in physical development between children and non-left-behind children (P> 0.05). However, the mean values of five physical development indicators of left-behind children were slightly lower. Conclusion The situation of rural children’s physical development is worrying, leaving children more prominent. We should strengthen the monitoring of rural children’s physical development status, popularize health education, carry out nutrition guidance, and raise their guardianship awareness and parenting level.