作为德国古典主义哲学的典型代表,康德的道德哲学依然保持了他一贯的理性批判主义的哲学传统。康德以善良意志作为其道德哲学的出发点,由对善良意志的分析,逐步引出义务、责任、绝对命令等等重要的道德哲学概念,最终建立了他批判理性主义的道德哲学体系。因此,善良意志在康德道德哲学中有着非常重要的基础性的地位。对善良意志进行细致的分析与研究,有助于整体性地把握康德的道德哲学体系以及他哲学体系的逻辑脉络。本文将首先分析以往哲学对于善和道德之间的关系认识,并由此分析康德对于善和道德关系的认识的哥白尼式的革命以及善良意志的提出并具体分析康德善良意志所独有的性质;进而论述善良意志的实际表现方式义务概念以及善良意志的局限性以及它所面临的问题;最后对康德善良意志的意义与它在道德哲学中的地位以及局限性进行一个总体性的评价。 As a typical representative of German classical philosophy, Kant’s moral philosophy still maintains his usual philosophical tradition of rational criticism. Kant regards goodwill as the starting point of his moral philosophy, and from the analysis of goodwill will gradually lead to the concept of morality, such as obligations, responsibilities and absolute orders, finally establishing his moral philosophy system of critical rationalism. Therefore, goodwill will have a very important and fundamental position in Kant’s moral philosophy. The careful analysis and study of the kindhearted will help to grasp the moral philosophical system of Kant as well as the logical context of his philosophical system. This article will first analyze the understanding of the relationship between goodness and morality in the previous philosophies, and then analyze the Kant’s Copernican revolution of understanding the relationship between goodness and morality and the proposition of goodwill, and analyze the uniqueness of Kant’s benevolent will And then discusses the concept of the actual manifestation of the good will and the limitations of the good will and the problems it faces. Finally, it gives an overall assessment of the significance of Kant’s goodwill and its position in the moral philosophy as well as its limitations.