上斜肌麻痹可分为先天性(包括生后早期型)和后天性麻痹两型,前者多属眼肌先天性发育异常及产伤所致,后者多系外伤、流感、急性传染病所致,可用同视机、Parks法、Bielschowsky头低倾斜试验及Hess屏等检查确诊。根据上斜肌麻痹的程度,除轻度可配戴三棱镜矫正外,手术首选下斜肌减弱,或/和患眼上直肌后徙,或/和健眼下直肌后徒术,疗效均较满意。本文还讨论了上斜肌麻痹的鉴别诊断和选择手术的原则和方法。 Upper oblique paralysis can be divided into congenital (including early postnatal type) and acquired paralysis of the two types, the former mostly due to congenital dysplasia and birth trauma, the latter more than trauma, influenza, acute infectious diseases To be available with the same machine, Parks method, Bielschowsky head tilt test and Hess screen and other tests confirmed. According to the extent of paravertebral paralysis, in addition to wearing a mild prism can be worn, the preferred lower oblique surgery, or / and the affected eye rectus posterior rectum, or / satisfaction. This article also discusses the principles and methods of differential diagnosis and selection of upper oblique paralysis.