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目的探讨职业病防治机构临床医师职业紧张状况及其影响因素。方法采用自行设计的一般人口学问卷和职业紧张量表(OSI-R)对广东省300名职业病防治机构临床医师进行问卷调查,并对调查结果进行统计学分析。结果职业任务(ORQ)、个体紧张反应(PSQ)、个体应对资源(PRQ)得分与国内常模比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);职业病防治机构临床医师ORQ和PSQ问卷,78.1%和43.2%的临床医师T分>60;5.8%临床医师PRQ问卷T分<40;PSQ与ORQ呈正相关(r=0.499,P<0.01),与PRQ呈负相关(r=-0.006,P<0.05);≥40岁组PRQ(135.15±15.02)和ORQ(190.34±19.56)得分均高于<40岁组(130.58±18.74,179.71±21.27,P<0.05);≥10年工龄组ORQ得分(187.57±20.84)高于<10年工龄组(180.27±20.95),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);职业病诊断医师组的ORQ得分(189.67±18.80)高于职业健康检查医生组(180.07±21.61),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PSQ的主要影响因素有任务冲突、工作环境、责任感和理性处事。结论职业病防治机构临床医师职业紧张反应水平较高,应针对主要影响因素采取干预措施缓解其职业紧张。
Objective To explore occupational stress prevention and treatment of clinicians occupational stress and its influencing factors. Methods The self-designed general demographic questionnaire and occupational stress questionnaire (OSI-R) were used to survey the clinicians in 300 occupational disease prevention and treatment institutions in Guangdong Province. The results of the survey were statistically analyzed. Results ORQ, PSQ and PRQ scores were significantly different from those of the domestic norm (P <0.05). ORQ and PSQ questionnaires of occupational disease prevention and control institutions (78.1% (R = -0.006, P <0.01). There was a positive correlation between PSQ and ORQ (r = 0.499, P <0.01) 0.05). The scores of PRQ (135.15 ± 15.02) and ORQ (190.34 ± 19.56) in ≥40 years old group were higher than those in <40 years old (130.58 ± 18.74,179.71 ± 21.27, P <0.05) 187.57 ± 20.84) was higher than that of <10 years old (180.27 ± 20.95) (P <0.05). The ORQ score of the occupational disease physician group (189.67 ± 18.80) was higher than that of the occupational health examination physician group (180.07 ± 21.61), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The main influencing factors of PSQ were task conflict, working environment, sense of responsibility and reasoning. Conclusion Clinicians in occupational disease prevention and treatment institutions have a high level of occupational stress response. Interventions should be taken according to the main influencing factors to relieve their occupational stress.