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目的分析中国(未包括香港、澳门和台湾地区)登革热疫情监测资料,为加强登革热的预防控制提供科学依据。方法对2006年全国网络直报登革热疫情及登革热监测点资料用描述流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果2006年全国共14个省份报告登革热病例1044例,无死亡报告。除广东省有本地感染外,其他地区均为输入性病例;输入性病例全年均有分布,主要来自东南亚和美洲等地区;输入病例最多的前3位国家是柬埔寨、缅甸和新加坡。广东省登革热多点暴发,发病时间集中在8-11月。媒介伊蚊监测显示广西、海南、云南地区所有监测点和福建省(86.7%)、广东省(55.8%)布雷图指数(BI)均超过5的安全水平;尤其6-10月,BI普遍较高。福建、广东、云南和广西地区媒介蚊种均为白纹伊蚊,海南省媒介为白纹伊蚊和埃及伊蚊。监测点健康人群登革热抗体阳性率为0%～14.5%。开展病原学检测的监测点没有从媒介伊蚊中检测到登革病毒核酸或分离到病毒。结论中国南方登革热监测省份具有登革热流行的媒介伊蚊和易感人群,夏秋季节可由输入病例引发本地暴发流行。应普遍建立灵敏的早期登革热预警监测系统,早期发现病例,防蚊灭蚊,控制疫情的扩散。
Objective To analyze the surveillance data of dengue fever in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) and provide a scientific basis for strengthening the prevention and control of dengue fever. Methods The data of dengue fever epidemic and dengue fever monitoring sites in the national network in 2006 were analyzed statistically by descriptive epidemiological method. Results In 2006, 1044 cases of dengue fever were reported in 14 provinces in China with no death report. In addition to the local infection in Guangdong Province, other regions are imported cases; the imported cases are distributed throughout the year, mainly from Southeast Asia and the Americas; the top three countries in the input cases are Cambodia, Myanmar and Singapore. Guangdong dengue fever more, the onset time concentrated in 8-11 months. The monitoring of Aedes albopictus showed that all monitoring points in Guangxi, Hainan and Yunnan Provinces and Fujian Province (86.7%) and Guangdong Province (55.8%) had a safety index of more than 5; especially in June-October, BI was generally high. The mosquito species of mosquitoes in Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan and Guangxi are Aedes albopictus, Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti in Hainan province. The positive rate of dengue antibody in healthy population at monitoring point was 0% ~ 14.5%. Monitoring sites for pathogen detection did not detect dengue virus nucleic acid from the Aedes albopictus or isolate the virus. Conclusion Dengue fever surveillance areas in southern China have endemic Aedes aegypti and susceptible populations of dengue fever. In summer and autumn, the outbreaks of local outbreaks may be triggered by imported cases. Early detection of dengue early warning and monitoring system should be established generally, early detection of cases, mosquito control mosquitoes, control the spread of the epidemic.