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目的介绍上皮-间质转化(EMT)在胃肠道肿瘤中的研究现状。方法收集近年来国内、外有关EMT及其调节因子与胃肠道肿瘤关系的文献并作综述。结果 EMT是胚胎发育的一个基本过程,在成熟上皮细胞中EMT的异常激活可以降低细胞间黏附分子表达进而促进肿瘤的转移。上皮细胞表面标志物E-钙黏素表达抑制和EMT发生密切相关,E-钙黏素转录抑制因子可能在调节EMT过程中起重要作用,并且这些转录抑制因子在胃肠道肿瘤中呈明显高表达。此外,EMT的发生可能在胃肠道肿瘤干细胞形成过程中起重要作用。结论 EMT及其调节因子在胃肠道肿瘤发生、侵袭和转移过程中起了重要作用,对于EMT及其调节因子的研究可以为肿瘤发生机理提供新的视角,为肿瘤治疗提供新的靶点。
Objective To introduce the research status of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gastrointestinal tumors. Methods The literature about the relationship between EMT and its regulatory factors and gastrointestinal tumors in recent years was collected and reviewed. Results EMT is a basic process of embryonic development. EMT abnormal activation in mature epithelial cells can reduce the expression of intercellular adhesion molecules and promote tumor metastasis. E-cadherin, an inhibitor of epidermal cell surface marker expression, is closely related to the occurrence of EMT. E-cadherin transcriptional repressor may play an important role in the regulation of EMT, and these transcriptional repressors were significantly higher in gastrointestinal tumors expression. In addition, the occurrence of EMT may play an important role in the formation of gastrointestinal cancer stem cells. Conclusions EMT and its regulatory factors play an important role in the development, invasion and metastasis of gastrointestinal cancer. The study of EMT and its regulatory factors can provide a new perspective for tumorigenesis and provide a new target for tumor therapy.