引言舆论监督是世界各国宪法普遍保障的一项基本权利,对控制公权力滥用、保证公民知情权和社会长治久安发挥重要作用。舆论监督主要通过新闻报道和出版等大众媒介渠道,因而各国宪法普遍保护言论、新闻或出版等表达自由。另一方面,表达自由并不是绝对和无限的。如果说真实的舆论能够揭露官僚腐败、促进政府公开并为公民提供有用信息,虚 Introduction Public opinion supervision is a basic right generally guaranteed by the constitutions of various countries in the world and plays an important role in controlling the abuse of public power, ensuring citizens’ right to information and long-term social stability. Public opinion supervision mainly uses mass media channels such as news reports and publications. Therefore, the constitutions of various countries generally protect freedom of expression such as freedom of speech, press or publication. On the other hand, freedom of expression is not absolute and unlimited. If real public opinion can expose bureaucratic corruption, promote openness of the government and provide citizens with useful information,