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清季外官改制期间,省级政权的变革表现为行政机关的机构专门化、职责制度化,司法独立迈出艰难的第一步以及谘议局成为民众政治参与的新管道;州县级政权的变革表现为绅权从乡村向州县级政权的扩张,地方绅士成为州县级政权体系中的权绅。晚清政府引入三权分立原则,在推进地方政治转型的同时也经过了本土化的改造,绅权的转移开启了近代乡村社会控制弱化的历史进程,最终拉大了国家与民众的距离,使乡村社会陷入难于整合的危机。
During the reorganization of the qing dynasty qing dynasty, the change of the provincial power manifested itself in the institutional specialization of the organs of administration, the institutionalization of responsibilities, the difficult first step in judicial independence and the new pipeline of the advisory board becoming the public political participation. The change is manifested in the expansion of the gentry from the village to the county and county governments, and the local gentlemen become the gentry in the state-county power system. In the late Qing government, the principle of the separation of powers was introduced. At the same time, the transformation of local politics was undergoing local transformation. The transfer of gentry power opened the historical process of the weakening of social control in rural areas in the late Qing Dynasty, and eventually widened the distance between the state and the public. Rural society into a difficult crisis of integration.