前年年底,日本京都陶瓷公司宣称试验成功了一台陶瓷柴油机,它所消耗的燃料约比通常金属制造的柴油机少30%。柴油机是一种以柴油、重油等为燃料的发动机,广泛应用于拖拉机、船舶、机车、载重汽车、农田排灌机械以及坦克、快艇等。工作时,燃料以雾状喷入气缸,燃烧产生的高温高压燃气,在气缸内膨胀,推动活塞作功。柴油机内各个与高温燃气接触的金属部件,包括活塞、缸套、缸盖、气门等都被强烈加热。据测量,燃料燃烧产生的热量,约有25～30%被这些部件吸收,这部分热量如果不传带出去,气缸部件的温度就会急剧升高,性能很快降低,甚至发生故障和被烧坏。因此,目前使用的金属柴油机都装有一套冷却系统,用循环流动的水把热量带走。如何减少冷却损失,进一步提高柴油机的热效率,一直是人们极为关注的研 At the end of the previous year, Japan’s Kyoto Ceramics Co. claimed that it had successfully tested a ceramic diesel engine that consumed about 30% less fuel than diesel engines, which are usually made of metal. Diesel engine is a diesel, heavy oil-fueled engines, widely used in tractors, ships, locomotives, trucks, farm machinery and irrigation and drainage tanks, boats and so on. Work, the fuel spray into the cylinder, the combustion of high temperature and pressure gas generated in the cylinder expansion, promote the work of the piston. All of the metal parts in the diesel engine that come into contact with the hot gas, including the piston, cylinder liner, cylinder head and valve, are strongly heated. According to the measurement, about 25-30% of the heat generated by the fuel combustion is absorbed by these components. If this part of the heat is not carried away, the temperature of the cylinder components will increase sharply, the performance will be reduced rapidly, and even faults and burned Bad. Therefore, the current use of metal diesel engines are equipped with a cooling system, with circulating water to take away the heat. How to reduce the cooling loss and further improve the thermal efficiency of the diesel engine has always been a topic of great concern