黄斑水肿是视网膜中央静脉或其分枝阻塞时常见的并发症。其发病率,在视网膜中央静脉阻塞时较分枝静脉阻塞时为高。因黄斑区的血管总是在阻塞部的周边。视网膜分枝静脉阻塞时,只有当阻塞累及接近黄斑区血管的颞侧静脉时,才发生黄斑囊样水肿。因此,静脉阻塞的部位和黄斑部静脉血流障碍的程度与黄斑水肿的发生密切相关。 (一) 视网膜中央静脉阻塞和黄斑水肿 1.临床表现:视网膜静脉扩张纡曲、视网膜广泛出血、视盘充血水肿、视网膜中央静脉压增高和视网膜循环时间延长,且通常伴有黄斑水肿。视网膜病变的严重程度与阻塞的完全性和持 Macular edema is a common complication of occlusion of the central retinal vein or its branches. The incidence was higher in the central retinal vein occlusion than in the branch vein occlusion. Due to the macular area of ​​the blood vessels are always around the obstruction. Retinal branch vein occlusion, macular cystoid edema occurred only when occlusion involving the temporal veins close to the macula vascular. Therefore, the extent of venous obstruction and macular venous disturbance is closely related to the occurrence of macular edema. (A) central retinal vein occlusion and macular edema 1. Clinical manifestations: retinal vein dilation song, extensive retinal hemorrhage, optic disc congestion and edema, increased central retinal pressure and retinal circulation, and usually associated with macular edema. The severity of retinopathy and obstruction of the integrity and holding