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大开孔应力集中是高温气冷堆反应堆压力容器结构完整性分析的重点关注的课题之一。应力集中水平取决于开孔形状的设计。本文将三维边界元法用于高温气冷堆核电站示范工程反应堆压力容器的大开孔形状优化研究。边界元法只需在边界划分网格,在开孔形状优化过程中仅移动边界网格,避免了体积网格畸变问题。采用基于自适应生长的形状优化算法,通过应力集中区域沿法线方向生长有效降低应力。数值算例表明,该算法可方便得到具备低应力水平的优化开孔形状。
Large hole stress concentration is one of the key issues of concern for the structural integrity analysis of HTR reactor pressure vessels. The stress concentration level depends on the design of the opening shape. In this paper, the three-dimensional boundary element method is used to optimize the shape of large openings in the reactor pressure vessel of HTR demonstration project. The boundary element method only needs to divide the mesh at the boundary, and only move the boundary mesh during the optimization of the shape of the hole, which avoids the problem of volumetric mesh distortion. The shape optimization algorithm based on adaptive growth is adopted to reduce the stress effectively by growing along the normal direction in the stress concentrated area. Numerical examples show that this algorithm can easily obtain the optimized shape of the hole with low stress level.