中国的膳食结构以低脂肪、高纤维为特点,与西方的高糖、高脂肪相比具有明显的差异。由于我国地理、经济、民族及食物来源不同,长期以来,在不同地区形成了各具特色膳食结构,研究膳食结构的变化,对提高人群健康水平与疾病的防治有着重要的作用。 1 山东省概况 山东省简称“鲁”,全省面积为15.67万平方公里,1992年人口已达8610.3万。辖17个市地,135个县(市区)。我省现有耕地1.02亿亩,人口自然增长率为16.8‰左右,以占全国不到1.6％的土地面积养活了占全国7.3％的人口,人口密度为49人/平方公里。人均耕地面积由1988年的1.28亩减少到1999年的近1 China’s dietary structure is characterized by low fat and high fiber, which is significantly different from western high-sugar and high-fat foods. Due to the differences in geography, economy, ethnicity and food sources in our country, different dietary structures have been formed in different regions for a long time to study the changes of dietary structure, which plays an important role in improving the health of people and preventing and treating diseases. 1 Overview of Shandong Province Shandong Province, referred to as “Lu”, the province covers an area of ​​156,700 square kilometers, the population in 1992 reached 86,103,000. Jurisdiction over 17 cities, 135 counties (urban areas). The present cultivated land in our province amounts to 102 million mu and the natural population growth rate is about 16.8%. With a land area accounting for less than 1.6% of the country’s population, the province has 7.3% of the population and a population density of 49 persons / km 2. Per capita arable land decreased from 1.28 mu in 1988 to nearly 1 in 1999