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一前言研制高效氧电极,对建立高效能的能量转换及贮存装置(空气电池、燃料电池)以及在电解工业中降低电耗均有重要意义。目前,在碱性介质溶液中尚可用银或其他非贵金属或其氧化物作为催化剂,而在酸性和中性溶液中大多数金属及其化合物是不稳定的,只有铂系金属才有较高的催化活性及稳定性。因此,急待寻求能在中性和酸性介质中不含贵金属的高效氧电极催化剂。近年来,有机金属络合物得到人们重视并开始做成空气(氧)电极进行研究[1][2][3][4]。初步的研究工作表明,金属卟啉络合物有较高的活性和稳定性[5][6][7]。卟啉化合物是以卟吩为母体衍生出来的一大类四氮大环化合物,能与大多数过渡金属离子形成各种稳定程度不同的络合物。在电化学过程中,电子可以通过卟啉环π轨道和金属离子中的空轨道转移,从而具有许多特殊性能。
A foreword The development of highly efficient oxygen electrodes is of great importance for establishing high-performance energy conversion and storage devices (air cells, fuel cells) and for reducing electricity consumption in the electrolysis industry. At present, silver or other non-noble metals or oxides thereof can still be used as a catalyst in an alkaline medium solution, while most metals and their compounds are unstable in acidic and neutral solutions, and only platinum-based metals have higher Catalytic activity and stability. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find efficient oxygen electrode catalysts that do not contain precious metals in neutral and acidic media. In recent years, organometallic complexes have drawn great attention and begun to be made into air (oxygen) electrode for research [1] [2] [3] [4]. Preliminary research shows that metalloporphyrin complexes have high activity and stability [5] [6] [7]. Porphyrins are a class of tetrazine macrocycles derived from porphin as precursors, forming various stable complexes with most transition metal ions. In the electrochemical process, electrons can pass through the orbit of the porphyrin ring and the empty orbitals in the metal ions, and thus have many special properties.