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利用稻麦O3-FACE(Ozone-free air controlled enrichment)试验平台,以杂交籼稻汕优63(SY63)和常规籼稻扬稻6(YD6)两个水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种为材料,研究臭氧(O3)和氮(N)肥对水稻物质生产与分配的影响.结果表明:(1)O3胁迫下SY63和YD6的净光合速率在灌浆中期显著下降,从而使灌浆中期的茎、叶生物量,收获期的根、穗生物量和产量显著降低,SY63的降幅分别为30.20%、21.95%、48.62%、37.15%和45.75%,YD6的降幅分别为21.71%、11.12%、35.22%、28.01%和28.91%;增施N肥使得水稻净光合速率显著增加,茎、叶、根、穗生物量和产量降幅减小,SY63的降幅分别只有13.52%、5.84%、26.33%、16.19%和26.88%,YD6的茎、根、穗和产量降幅分别为16.26%、14.55%、20.22%和12.68%,而叶生物量增加5.19%.(2)受O3影响,SY63和YD6收获期的根分配指数和根冠比显著降低,叶分配指数显著增加,而茎、穗分配指数受O3影响不大;施高N后,O3处理组的根叶分配指数和根冠比增加.(3)大气O3浓度升高会降低SY63和YD6的N素总积累量,增施N肥后有上升趋势.总之,增施N肥对O3胁迫下的SY63和YD6生物量积累与分配、产量有一定的缓解作用.
Using Ozone-free air controlled enrichment (O3-FACE) test platform, two rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) with indica hybrid rice Shanyou 63 (SY63) and conventional indica rice variety Yangdao 6 (YD6) (O3) and nitrogen (N) fertilizers on the production and distribution of rice were studied.The results showed that: (1) The net photosynthetic rate of SY63 and YD6 significantly decreased in the middle of grain filling under O3 stress, , The biomass and yield of root and ear at harvest decreased significantly, the decline of SY63 was 30.20%, 21.95%, 48.62%, 37.15% and 45.75%, respectively. The decline of YD6 was 21.71%, 11.12%, 35.22% and 28.01% And 28.91% respectively. The net photosynthetic rate of rice increased significantly and the biomass, yield and yield of stem, leaf, root and ear decreased only by 13.52%, 5.84%, 26.33%, 16.19% and 26.88% The root, ear and yield of YD6 decreased by 16.26%, 14.55%, 20.22% and 12.68%, respectively, while the biomass of leaves increased by 5.19%. (2) Under the influence of O3, the root distribution index Root-shoot ratio decreased significantly, the leaf distribution index increased significantly, while the stem and ear allocation index had little effect on O3; After high nitrogen application, the root and leaf (3) The increase of atmospheric O3 concentration will reduce the total N accumulation of SY63 and YD6, and then increase with the increase of N fertilizer.In conclusion, YD6 biomass accumulation and distribution, yield a certain ease.