论文部分内容阅读
目的了解北京市大、中学生2008—2014年吸烟率、尝试吸烟率的变化情况,为北京市学校控烟工作效果的初步评估提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,在北京市抽取63所初中、102所高中和职业技术学校及12所大学,建立监测点。分别于2008年、2012年、2014年3次使用“中国青少年健康相关行为调查问卷”对学生进行集体自填式匿名问卷调查,比较北京市大、中学生烟草使用行为的变化情况。结果北京市大、中学生尝试吸烟率2008年为30.05%,2012年降至27.17%,2014年降至24.30%;吸完一整支烟的报告率2008年为23.46%,2012年降至20.86%,2014年降至18.19%;现在吸烟报告率2008年为14.41%,2012年降至12.92%,2014年降至10.89%,差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为316.20,321.01,225.63,P值均<0.01)。现在吸烟的学生中,重度吸烟报告率2014年(5.0%)高于2008年(4.1%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.21,P<0.05);吸烟频次≥20 d/月的报告率2008年(41.07%)与2014年(42.13%)差异无统计学意义。结论北京市全面开展的学校控烟工作取得一定成效,大中学生烟草使用行为明显下降,但已成为烟民的学生吸烟严重程度没有好转。
Objective To understand the prevalence of smoking and the smoking prevalence in Beijing from 2008 to 2014 for the primary and secondary school students in Beijing and provide reference for the preliminary assessment of the effectiveness of school-based tobacco control in Beijing. Methods A multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to collect 63 junior high schools, 102 high schools and vocational technical schools and 12 universities in Beijing and establish monitoring points. The questionnaires of “China Youth Health-Related Behavior Questionnaire” were used to conduct a collective self-confidential and anonymous questionnaire survey among students in Beijing in 2008, 2012 and 2014 respectively to compare the changes of tobacco use behavior among middle and high school students in Beijing. Results The prevalence of smoking among big and middle school students in Beijing was 30.05% in 2008, 27.17% in 2012 and 24.30% in 2014. The report rate of smoking cigarettes was 23.46% in 2008 and 20.86% in 2012 In 2014 to 18.19%. Now the report rate of smoking was 14.41% in 2008, 12.92% in 2012 and 10.89% in 2014, with significant differences (χ2 = 316.20, 321.01, 225.63, P Value <0.01). Among the current smokers, the reporting rate of severe smoking was higher in 2014 (5.0%) than in 2008 (4.1%), with a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 4.21, P <0.05); the reporting rate of smoking ≥ 20 d / There was no significant difference between 2008 (41.07%) and 2014 (42.13%). Conclusions The school-wide tobacco control work in Beijing has achieved some success. The behavior of tobacco use by middle and high school students has obviously dropped. However, the students who have become smokers have not seen any improvement in the severity of smoking control.