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目的探索在高危(重点)人群中有效开展艾滋病自愿咨询检测(VCT)干预的方法并评价其效果。方法以问卷调查的方式了解娱乐场所女性从业人员VCT相关知识、态度和行为,并进行VCT健康教育和行为干预,比较干预前、后调查结果并进行评价。结果干预前,目标人群VCT知晓率为27.58%,普遍缺乏艾滋病危险意识,只有11.86%的人认为自己有感染艾滋病的危险,13.64%的人做过VCT检测,有20.79%的人每次性行为均使用安全套,干预后,目标人群VCT知识、态度和行为的正确率均有不同程度的提高,差异有统计学意义的有9项;VCT服务的信息来源主要是大众媒介。结论采用认知、心理、行为、网络干预和发放VCT干预材料的方式,对目标人群进行面对面的VCT综合干预是可行的,效果是显著的,可在该类人群中推广。
Objective To explore and evaluate the effectiveness of voluntary VCT intervention in high-risk (key) population. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to understand the VCT related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of female employees in entertainment establishments. The health education and behavioral interventions of VCT were conducted. The results of intervention before and after intervention were compared and evaluated. Results Before the intervention, the awareness rate of VCT in target population was 27.58%. There was a general lack of awareness of AIDS risk. Only 11.86% of them thought they had the risk of HIV infection, 13.64% had VCT test, and 20.79% All using condoms. After the intervention, the correct rate of VCT knowledge, attitude and behavior of the target population all improved to some extent, with 9 statistically significant differences. The information source of the VCT service was mainly the mass media. Conclusion It is feasible to face-to-face VCT comprehensive intervention on target population by means of cognitive, psychological, behavioral, network intervention and VCT intervention. The effect is significant and can be promoted in such population.