由于软弱岩层中的巷道维护困难,已经成为国内外的重要研究课题。软弱岩层中的巷道具有明显的流变特征。其变形量远远超过一般巷道,使用通常的支护方法一般都不能收到良好效果,会造成支架的大量破坏。生产中积累的大量经验证明,对于这种岩层的支护要先进行柔性大的临时支护,以释放围岩积存的大量变形能量,并使围岩产生自支承能力,然后再进行永久支护,可收到事半功倍的效果。这种方法就是通常所说的“先柔后刚”或“分次支护”的方法。通常的办法是采用加入缓冲材料实现的,也解决了一些问题,但仍然存在缓冲量不够,并且不能根据人的意愿决定缓冲的数量和缓冲时间。笔者提出一种可控缓冲层的支护方案,目的 Due to the difficulty of roadway maintenance in soft rock formations, it has become an important research topic at home and abroad. The tunnel in soft rock has obvious rheological characteristics. The deformation is far more than the general roadway, using the usual support methods generally can not receive good results, will cause a large number of damage to the stent. The large amount of accumulated experience in production proves that for this type of rock support, large flexible temporary support must first be carried out to release a large amount of deformation energy accumulated in the surrounding rock and to make the surrounding rock produce self-supporting capability before permanent support , Can receive a multiplier effect. This method is commonly referred to as “soft back just” or “sub-support” approach. The usual approach is to use cushioning material to achieve, but also solve some problems, but there is still insufficient buffer, and can not be based on human will decide the number of buffers and buffer time. I proposed a controllable buffer support program, the purpose