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传统的氮循环模式认为,土壤有机氮只有经过微生物分解转化为无机氮(NH4++NO3-)后才能为植物吸收利用。然而,近年来许多研究证实多种陆地植物具有从土壤中获取小分子有机物质(如自由态氨基酸)的能力,对传统的氮循环模式形成巨大的挑战。论文从土壤中氮素的形态、植物吸收有机氮的证据、有机氮吸收的机制、以有机氮为重要氮源的生态系统类型以及根系吸收与分泌有机氮之间的平衡等5个方面进行了综述,分析了当前研究方法的优缺点,针对本领域内核心科学问题,提出了未来植物吸收有机氮的改进方法及研究方向,为进行植物利用有机氮的研究提供方法基础。
The traditional nitrogen cycle model holds that soil organic nitrogen can be absorbed into plants only after being decomposed and converted into inorganic nitrogen (NH4 + + NO3-) by microorganisms. However, in recent years, many studies confirm that many land plants have the ability to obtain small organic molecules (such as free amino acids) from the soil, posing a huge challenge to the traditional nitrogen cycle model. The paper has carried on the research from 5 aspects of the form of nitrogen in soil, the evidence of organic nitrogen absorbed by plants, the mechanism of organic nitrogen absorption, the type of ecosystem with organic nitrogen as important nitrogen source, and the balance between nitrogen absorption and secretion by root system In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the current research methods are analyzed. Based on the core scientific problems in this field, the improved methods and research directions for the future absorption of organic nitrogen by plants are put forward, which provides the method basis for the research on the utilization of organic nitrogen by plants.