肺炎是婴幼儿常见的一种呼吸道疾病,新生儿尤其是先天不足的早产儿、低体重儿和患佝偻病、营养不良的婴幼儿,因机体免疫功能低下,更容易得肺炎。患麻疹、百日咳等呼吸道传染病的婴幼儿,也常常并发肺炎。婴幼儿肺炎的发病带有很强的季节性特点——冬季较多。这是因为冬季气候寒冷,婴幼儿易患上呼吸道感染,炎症常常沿气管、支气管向下蔓延至肺部。患儿通常先有发热、咳嗽等症状,如果发热持续不退,咳嗽 Pneumonia is a common respiratory disease in infants and young children. Neonates, especially those with congenital premature birth, low birth weight and rickets, malnourished infants and young children are more likely to get pneumonia due to poor immune function. Infants with respiratory infections such as measles and whooping cough often have pneumonia. The incidence of infant pneumonia with a strong seasonal characteristics - more in winter. This is because the cold weather in winter, infants susceptible to upper respiratory tract infection, inflammation often spread down the trachea, bronchi and lungs. Children usually have fever, cough and other symptoms, if the fever persists, coughing