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自从20世纪30年代美国在《电信法》规定任何电话公司不得阻碍接通非本公司用户的电话开始,网络中立的概念就获得广泛认可并在互联网形成初期得到延展。但随着互联网技术的成熟和内容的发展,网络运营商和网络内容提供商之间的矛盾逐渐凸显并日趋激烈,行业不正当竞争时有发生,这种现象引起了西方各国的广泛关注,并于20世纪90年代开始对“网络中立”问题进行研究,积极探索是否需要从政策或法律层面对“网络中立”进行规制。本文通过对网络中立这一概念的确立发展过程、研究方向的梳理,剖析了网络运营商、网络内容提供商与“网络中立”的关系,揭示了网络中立论在移动互联网时代的发展趋向。
Since the 1930s, the United States started the concept of network neutrality when the Telecommunications Law stipulated that no telephone company should block the opening of calls by non-corporate users. The concept of network neutrality was widely accepted and extended in the early days of the Internet. However, with the development of Internet technology and the development of content, the contradictions between network operators and network content providers have gradually become more and more prominent. Unfair competition in the industry has occurred from time to time. This phenomenon has caused widespread concern in the western countries. In the 1990s, we began to study the issue of “network neutrality” and actively explored the need to regulate “network neutrality” from a policy or legal level. This paper analyzes the process of establishing the concept of network neutrality and the research direction, analyzes the relationship between network operators, network content providers and “network neutrality ”, and reveals the development trend of network neutrality in the era of mobile Internet .