论文部分内容阅读
刚刚过去的２０００年对商业，尤其是零售商业 而言，无疑具有革命性的意义。从国际的 角度看，经过 ３８年的努力，成立于 １９６２年的沃尔玛以１９００多亿美元的销售额荣膺世界经济５００强前列，世界经济第一次超过通用进入了零售为王的年份；从国内的情况看，经过不到十年的努力，联华超市荣登中国零售业的榜首，结束了传统百货业为王的时代，开创了新型商业为王的新时代。这两件事情的出现，预示着商业工业化革命的实现：其组织形式均为连锁经营。它借鉴了现代大工业流水线的生产方式，只不过生产的不是产品，而是标准化、专业化、简单化的零售企业；它不是工业时代的终结，而是工业生产方式与思维方式在商业与零售业中的胜利，是工业化在商业与零售业的延续。 电子商务对传统批发商、零售商、代理商的地位将产生重大影响，并有可能引发从百货商店、超级市场、连锁商店演进而来的以网上商店为标志的第四次零售革命。
The just past 2000 undoubtedly has revolutionary significance to commerce, especially retail commerce. From an international perspective, after 38 years of hard work, Wal-Mart established in 1962 won the top 500 of the world’s economy with more than 190 billion U.S. dollars of sales. For the first time, the world economy surpassed the year when General Motors entered the retail king. From the domestic The situation, after less than a decade of efforts, Lianhua Supermarket topped the list of China’s retail industry, the end of the era of the traditional department store king, creating a new era of commercial king. The appearance of these two things indicates the realization of the commercial industrialization revolution: all its forms of organization are chain stores. It draws on modern large-scale industrial assembly line production methods, but the production is not a product, but rather standardization, specialization and simplification of the retail business; it is not the end of the industrial era, but the mode of industrial production and ways of thinking in the commercial and retail Victory in the industry is a continuation of industrialization in commerce and retail. E-commerce will have a significant impact on the status of traditional wholesalers, retailers and agents and may lead to the fourth retail revolution marked by online stores evolving from department stores, supermarkets and chain stores.