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[目的]测定水体、土壤沉积物以及鱼体内有机氯及含氮杀虫剂残留物,为科学评估杀虫剂残留对巴基斯坦地区公共卫生、农业和环境的影响提供依据。[方法]以食用鱼南亚野鲮为材料,设计2组体重,采用高效液相色谱法分别测定水体、土壤沉积物以及南亚野鲮体内α-硫丹、DDE、甲基对硫磷、异丙隆、呋喃丹、阿特拉津等含量。[结果]土壤沉积物中DDE的含量达(2.340±0.025)μg/g,在250 ～750 g的南亚野鲮体内的含量分别为(0.270 ±0.000 6)μg/g,但在水体中未发现DDE残留;不同饲料中农药残留物90%为有机磷、呋喃丹以及有机氯杀虫剂,6%为杀菌剂,仅4%为除草剂,在250 ～750 g以及800 ～1 300 g的南亚野鲮体内硫丹的含量分别达到(0.491±0.000 6)μg/g和(3.050±0.060 8)μg/g,异丙隆的含量分别达到(0.010±0.0003)μg/g和(0.014±0.000 6)μg/g,且随体重上升,其脂肪含量增加,积累的农药残留物则越多;硫丹、甲基对硫磷、阿特拉津和呋喃丹的含量在水体达到最大残留限量水平0.001μg/g。[结论]通过生物积累和在自然界中的运输以及再沉积作用,有机氯及其他杀虫剂的使用给全球的环境造成了严重污染,因此,在巴基斯坦已经禁止使用DDT等有机氯农药。
[Objective] To determine the residues of organochlorine and nitrogenous insecticide in water, soil sediments and fish, and provide the basis for scientific assessment of the impact of pesticide residues on public health, agriculture and environment in Pakistan. [Method] Two groups of wild shrews were used as materials to design two groups of body weight. The contents of α-endosulfan, DDE, methyl parathion and isopropylidene in water body, soil sediment and South Asian wild shrews were determined by high performance liquid chromatography Long, carbofuran, atrazine and other content. [Result] The content of DDE in soil sediment was (2.340 ± 0.025) μg / g, and the contents of DDE in the soil of 250-750 g were (0.270 ± 0.000 6) μg / g, respectively, but not found in water DDE residues; 90% of pesticide residues in different feeds were organophosphorus, carbofuran and organochlorine insecticides, 6% were bactericides, and only 4% were herbicides. In South Asia (250-750 g and 800-1 300 g) The content of endosulfan was 0.491 ± 0.000 6 μg / g and 3.050 ± 0.060 8 μg / g respectively in wild shrews, and the contents of isoproturon reached 0.010 ± 0.0003 μg / g and 0.014 ± 0.000 6 ) μg / g. With the increase of body weight, the fat content increased, and the more pesticide residues accumulated. The content of endosulfan, methyl parathion, atrazine and carbofuran reached the maximum residue level of 0.001 in water μg / g. [Conclusion] The use of organochlorine and other insecticides caused serious pollution to the global environment through bioaccumulation and transportation and redeposition in nature. Therefore, the use of organochlorine pesticides such as DDT in Pakistan has been banned.