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增加低渗透煤层透气性是防治矿井瓦斯灾害、提高煤层气资源的开采的关键技术之一。简要分析了静态爆破剂压裂理论与破碎机理,以氧化钙、萘系减水剂、缓凝剂等材料配置新型静态爆破剂,通过正交试验确定最佳配比,并对其效果进行了测定;研究了爆破孔形状对压裂效果的影响。结果表明:研制的新型静态压裂材料作用6 h可使型煤开裂,产生的裂纹最大可达到16.33 mm,具有良好的增透潜力;自制的静态爆破剂配比为90份生石灰、3份萘系减水剂、5份有机糖类缓凝剂、水分30~40份爆破效果最佳;且通过对比压裂孔形状,发现矩形和三角形孔开裂效果优于圆孔。
Increasing the permeability of low permeability coal seam is one of the key technologies for preventing and controlling coal mine gas disasters and improving the exploitation of coalbed methane resources. The fracturing theory and crushing mechanism of static blasting agent are briefly analyzed. A new type of static blasting agent is equipped with calcium oxide, naphthalene superplasticizer, retarder and other materials, and the optimum ratio is determined through orthogonal experiment. The influence of blasting hole shape on the fracturing effect was studied. The results show that the new static fracturing material can crack the briquette for 6 h, and the maximum cracks can reach 16.33 mm, which has a good potential for enhancing the permeation potential. The ratio of self-made static blasting agent is 90 parts of quick lime and 3 parts of naphthalene Department of superplasticizer, 5 organic sugar retarders, water 30 to 40 blasting the best; and by comparing the fracturing hole shape, found that the rectangular and triangular holes cracking better than the round hole.