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与较大儿童和成人相比,<12月龄婴儿的百日咳发病率明显高,且百日咳相关的死亡负担最重。2004年以来,美国法定传染病监测系统(The National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System,NNDSS)每年平均报告3055例婴儿百日咳病例和>19例死亡病例[美国疾病控制与预防中心(The Center for Disease Control andPrevention,CDC),2011年未发表的数据]。大多数百日咳病例、住院病例和死亡病例发生于因太小而不能接种疫苗的≤2月龄婴儿。因此,预防该年龄组的百日咳需要其他策略。2005年以来,美国免疫实施咨询委员会(The Advisory Committee on Immunization
Compared with older children and adults, <12-month-old infants had a significantly higher incidence of whooping cough and had the heaviest burden of pertussis-related death. Since 2004, the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) reported an average of 3,055 infant pertussis cases and> 19 deaths annually [The Center for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC ), Unpublished data for 2011]. Most whooping cough, hospitalizations and deaths occur in babies ≤ 2 months of age who are too young to be vaccinated. Therefore, prevention of whooping cough in this age group requires other strategies. Since 2005, the Advisory Committee on Immunization of the United States (The Advisory Committee on Immunization