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[目的]了解某区基层保健人员对疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)及处理方法的认知情况,指导AEFI的监测和处理工作。[方法]对某区基层保健人员进行匿名调查现场问卷调查、回收后进行分析。[结果]本次被调查者有81%认为规范化的预防接种门诊可以减少AEFI,59.5%认为知情同意书能减少AEFI。对于AEFI纠纷主要原因61.9%认为疫苗质量,27.1%认为家长隐瞒禁忌症,8.6%认为是服务态度。97.1%被调查者认为发现AEFI应该报告。处理AEFI纠纷的方法63.8%选择耐心解释,31.9%认为应由卫生行政部门调解,选择经济赔偿为3.3%,选择法律诉讼的为1%。34.8%的被调查者知晓相关法规,不同级别医院(χ2=13.15,P﹤0.05),不同职称(χ2=8.697,P﹤0.05)的被调查者有差异。有89.5%认为应该建立疑似预防接种异常反应的保偿金或保险金。[结论]在AEFI培训工作中应以初级职称和一级医院保健人员为重点加强法律法规培训,建议将异常反应补偿费纳入疑似预防接种异常反应监测和处理工作经费预算。
[Objective] To understand the cognition of suspected AEFI and treatment methods of grassroots health workers in one district and to guide the monitoring and treatment of AEFI. [Methods] Conducting anonymous field survey on grass-roots health care workers in a district and analyzing them after recovery. [Results] 81% of the respondents considered standardized vaccination clinics can reduce AEFI, 59.5% think informed consent can reduce AEFI. The main reason for the AEFI dispute 61.9% that the quality of vaccines, 27.1% believe that parents hide contraindications, 8.6% think it is service attitude. 97.1% of respondents think AEFI should be reported. 63.8% chose to be patient in their explanation of the AEFI dispute, 31.9% thought it should be mediated by the health administration, with 3.3% for financial compensation and 1% for legal litigation. 34.8% of the respondents were aware of the relevant laws and regulations, different levels of hospitals (χ2 = 13.15, P <0.05), different titles (χ2 = 8.697, P <0.05) were different respondents. 89.5% thought they should establish the compensation or insurance premiums for suspected abnormalities in vaccination. [Conclusion] The training of laws and regulations should be strengthened with primary titles and level 1 hospital health workers as the focus of training. It is suggested that the compensation fees for abnormal reactions should be included in the monitoring and processing budget of suspected abnormalities in vaccination.