描述了ATM网络的拥塞控制机制，解释了选择这些机制的理由。特别阐述了在对基于达率和基于信用的方法进行选择时应采用的选择准则和两种方法的争论焦点。描述了ATM论坛最终选择的基于速率的方法和几个曾经考虑过的其他策略。 Described the ATM network congestion control mechanism, explains the reasons for the choice of these mechanisms. In particular, the focus of the debate on the selection criteria and the two methods that should be used in the selection of rate-based and credit-based approaches is elaborated. Describes the rate-based approach ultimately chosen by the ATM Forum and several other strategies that have been considered.