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在近代中国,帝国主义列强竞争铁路建筑权益,经常取作它们侵略压迫中国的一种重要手段。它们挟持中国政府,通过有名有实或无名有实的方式,直接、间接控制经营中国铁路,加速中国近代社会的半殖民地半封建化。铁路这种运输工具,在当年,不只是对中国近代政治(包括军事、外交)、社会、经济各个方面,而且对远东国际关系等,都发生过较大的作用和影响。因此,中国近代铁路问题,从一开始,即引起中外学者的广泛兴趣和重视,从多个方面进行研究。粗略统计,截至目前,发表的包括中文在内的多种文字的论著,数逾五百种。研究的重点,远的不论,单就最近四十年间说,呈现这么一个迹象:在头一二十年中侧
In modern China, the competition for the rights and interests of railway construction by the imperialist powers is often taken as an important means by which they invade and oppress China. They hold the Chinese government hostage and directly and indirectly control the operation of the Chinese railway and accelerate the semi-colonial and semi-feudalization of modern Chinese society through well-known or unnamed methods. In the same year, the railroad was not only playing a greater role and influence than just modern Chinese politics (including military affairs and diplomacy), social and economic aspects, and the Far East and the international relations. Therefore, from the very beginning, China’s railways in modern times aroused widespread interest and attention from Chinese and foreign scholars and studied them from many aspects. Rough statistics, as of now, published in Chinese, including a variety of written works, more than five hundred. The focus of the study, far away, says in the last four decades alone that there is a sign that in the first or second decade