目的介绍近年来维生素D(VD)的功能、维生素D缺乏与临床疾病的关系以及儿童期维生素D补充剂应用状况方面的研究进展。方法对国内外已有文献进行分析与归纳。结果维生素D除具有经典的调节钙磷平衡和维持骨骼健康的作用外,还具有广泛的骨外生物学效应,如调节免疫、抗肿瘤、防治代谢综合征和保护中枢神经系统的功能等;儿童期维生素D缺乏与多种疾病发生有关。维生素D应用状况不理想,维生素D缺乏仍然是全球性的营养问题。结论维生素D营养状况与健康关系密切,合理应用维生素D具有重要意义。 Objective To introduce the research progress of the function of vitamin D (VD), the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and clinical disease in recent years and the application status of vitamin D supplementation in childhood. Methods The existing literature at home and abroad are analyzed and summarized. Results In addition to the classical role of vitamin D in regulating calcium and phosphorus balance and maintaining bone health, vitamin D also has extensive extraosseous biological effects such as immune regulation, anti-tumor, metabolic syndrome prevention and protection of the central nervous system function; children Period of vitamin D deficiency and a variety of diseases related. Vitamin D status is not ideal, vitamin D deficiency is still a global problem of nutrition. Conclusion The nutritional status of vitamin D is closely related to health, and the rational use of vitamin D is of great significance.