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采用酸碱法在鸭毛中提取羽毛角蛋白(FK),通过正交实验研究了FK提取的最佳条件。将FK与海藻酸钠(SA)进行共混,制备SA/FK复合溶液,测试了复合溶液的流变性。通过湿法纺丝制备SA/FK复合纤维,研究了复合纤维的基本性能并表征了复合纤维分子间氢键作用。结果表明:在最佳提取条件下(提取温度为60.0℃,提取时间为120.00min,碱浓度为2.00wt%),FK产率最高为45.75%。SA/FK复合溶液的表观黏度随剪切速率的增加而减小,随FK含量的增加呈现先增后减的趋势。FK的加入使分子间氢键作用增强。SA/FK复合纤维的力学断裂强度能够达到1.96cN/dtex。SA与FK的复合破坏了原有分子的晶体结构,SA/FK复合纤维分子结构是以非晶态存在。SA/FK复合纤维的表面具有均匀的沟槽结构。
The feather keratins (FK) were extracted from duck feather by acid-base method. The optimum conditions of FK extraction were studied by orthogonal experiment. FK and sodium alginate (SA) were blended to prepare SA / FK composite solution, and the rheological properties of the composite solution were tested. The SA / FK composite fibers were prepared by wet spinning, the basic properties of the composite fibers were studied, and the hydrogen bonding between the composite fibers was characterized. The results showed that the yield of FK was the highest (45.75%) under the optimal extraction conditions (extraction temperature 60.0 ℃, extraction time 120.00min, alkali concentration 2.00wt%). The apparent viscosity of SA / FK composite solution decreased with the increase of shear rate, and then increased with the increase of FK content. The addition of FK enhances the intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The mechanical rupture strength of SA / FK composite fibers can reach 1.96cN / dtex. SA and FK complex destroyed the original crystal structure, SA / FK composite fiber molecular structure is amorphous. SA / FK composite fiber surface has a uniform groove structure.