肝脏长期或反复受到一种或多种致病因素的损害,使肝实质细胞广泛变性、坏死和再生,终于导致肝脏硬变.根据具体病情,肝硬变病人的饮食原则有以下几点:供给有足够总热量和充足维生素的饮食;食物应多样化,烹调要注意色香味及软烂可口易消化;忌饮酒;血氨偏高时应限制蛋白质,肝昏迷应禁食蛋白质;出现浮肿或腹水的患者应限制钠盐;食道静脉曲张者宜给流质软食,上消化道出血应禁食;胆汁性肝硬变应以低脂肪、高糖、高蛋白饮食为主,同时应补充维生素A、D、E、K以及钙剂. Long-term or repeated liver damage caused by one or more of the factors that make extensive hepatic parenchymal cells degeneration, necrosis and regeneration, and finally lead to liver cirrhosis. According to the specific condition, cirrhosis patients diet principles are as follows: supply There are enough total calories and adequate diet of vitamins; food should be diversified, cooking should pay attention to color and flavor and soft rotten easily digestible; avoid drinking; high blood ammonia should limit the protein, liver coma should be fasting protein; edema or ascites Of patients should limit the sodium salt; esophageal varicose should appropriate liquid food, upper gastrointestinal bleeding should be fasting; biliary cirrhosis should be low-fat, high-sugar, high protein diet, should also be added vitamins A, D , E, K and calcium.