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目的：研究裸鼠人肝癌局部侵袭和转移。方法：应用裸鼠人肝癌组织（ＳＭＭＣ－ＬＴＮＭ）建成腹腔与肝正位移植瘤模型，通过光镜、电镜及图像分析等方法进行病理研究。结果：（１）腹腔内移植瘤的局部侵袭率１８．０３％（１１／６１），可侵袭肌组织、肠、胰、肾和睾丸等；肺转移率５９．０２％（３６／６１），肝内转移率８．２０％（５／６１）。图像分析显示腹腔内移植瘤细胞群体和肺转移瘤细胞群体ＤＮＡ含量分布范围明显增宽，从２Ｃ～６Ｃ不等，峰值明显右移；而且从总体上观察，前者分布范围比后者更宽，ＤＮＡ含量分别为２．６０±０．２０和２．１０±０．２６。肝正位移植瘤的肝内、肺转移率分别为２６．６７％（４／１５）和２０．００％（３／１５）。结论：上述两种移植肿瘤局部侵袭的方式可能为：在移植瘤增殖的基础上突破靶组织包膜，然后沿组织间隙或肝窦侵润，可溶解靶细胞或机械压迫至组织变性坏死，并破坏血管造成转移。转移灶的瘤细胞可能为ＤＮＡ含量较高的瘤细胞克隆。
Objective: To study the local invasion and metastasis of human liver cancer in nude mice. METHODS: The model of hepatic anteroposterior transplantation and hepatic transplantation was established with human hepatocellular carcinoma (SMMC-LTNM) in nude mice. The pathological study was performed by light microscopy, electron microscopy and image analysis. Results: (1) The local invasion rate of intraperitoneal xenografts was 18.03% (11/61), which could invade muscle tissue, intestine, pancreas, kidney and testis, etc. The rate of lung metastasis was 59.02% (36/61). The intrahepatic metastasis rate was 8.20% (5/61). Image analysis showed that the distribution of DNA content in the intraperitoneal xenograft tumor cell population and lung metastatic tumor cell population was significantly wider, ranging from 2C to 6C, and the peak was clearly shifted to the right; furthermore, the overall distribution range of the former was wider than the latter. The DNA content was 2.60±0.20 and 2.10±0.26, respectively. The intrahepatic and lung metastatic rates of liver-replaced xenografts were 26.67% (4/15) and 20.00% (3/15), respectively. Conclusions: The above two types of transplanted tumors may be invasive locally: breakthrough of the target tissue envelope on the basis of proliferation of the transplanted tumor, followed by invasion along the interstitial space or hepatic sinusoids, dissolving the target cells or mechanical compression to tissue degeneration and necrosis, and Destruction of blood vessels causes metastasis. The tumor cells of metastases may be clones of tumor cells with high DNA content.