前言钢轨是轨道的重要设备。因为制作钢轨要用大量钢材,投资大,并且它直接承受车轮的滚动,钢轨状态是否良好,直接影响线路质量,影响铁路通过能力和行车安全。近年来国外一些国家由于机车车辆轴重、运行速度和运量的提高,促使钢轨材质、断面及重量都有变化。一些国际铁路组织或国家通过维修线路和科学实验对影响钢轨使用寿命诸因素加深了认识。因而采取了一些新措施,相应地制定了一些新规章。本着洋为中用的原则,下面介绍国外在发展钢轨方面的一些情况及倾向。 Preface Rail is an important equipment of the track. Because of the large amount of steel used to make the railroad, the investment is large, and it directly supports the rolling of the wheel. Whether the rail state is good or not directly affects the quality of the railroad and affects the railway passing capacity and traffic safety. In recent years, some foreign countries due to rolling stock axle weight, speed and volume increase, prompting the rail material, section and weight have changed. Some international railway organizations or countries have deepened their understanding of the factors that influence the service life of the railways through maintenance routes and scientific experiments. As a result, a number of new measures have been taken and new rules have been formulated accordingly. In accordance with the principle of using foreign affairs as a principle, the following introduces some foreign situations and tendencies in developing the railroad.