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从滇川交界处俄亚大村的田野调查出发,在生态学的视野下分析不同区域纳西东巴文化之间的关联与交流,并探究俄亚纳西族的文化生境现状及演变趋势。经调查,四川木里县俄亚大村的自然生境较为封闭,其社会生境与云南的丽江、香格里拉白地有着很强的时空积累和关联。拥有独特文化生境的俄亚与丽江、白地在“大时空”尺度上形成了以东巴文化为核心内容的文化景观分布。而交通道路特别是“客栈”的出现预示了俄亚文化生境的演变趋势,尤其是丽江旅游场域的扩散效应对俄亚大村产生了很大的趋向性。在“纳西”东巴文化生态系统中,俄亚处于生境的边缘区域,因此从长远的角度来看,应发挥其边缘效应以促进整个纳西东巴文化的保护、传承及旅游开发。
Starting from the fieldwork of the Russian-Asian village at the junction of Yunnan and Sichuan, this paper analyzes the relationship and exchange between Naxi and Dongba cultures in different regions from the perspective of ecology and explores the current situation and evolutionary trend of the cultural habitats of the Oranix. After investigation, the natural habitat of the Russian-Asian village in Muli County, Sichuan Province is relatively closed, and its social habitat has very strong spatial and temporal accumulation and connection with Lijiang and Shangri-La in Yunnan. Russia and Lijiang, which have unique cultural habitats, have formed a cultural landscape distribution with Dongba culture as the core content on the scale of “big time and space”. The emergence of traffic roads, especially the “Inn” indicates the evolution trend of Russian and Asian cultural habitats. In particular, the diffusion effect of the tourist areas in Lijiang has a great tendency toward Russian-Asian village. In the “Naxi” Dongba cultural ecosystem, Russia and Asia are on the edge of habitat. Therefore, in the long run, Russia and Russia should exert their fringe effects to promote the protection, inheritance and tourism development of the entire Naxi-Dongba culture.