目的提高对近年老年人呼吸道感染病原菌及耐药情况的认识。方法回顾性分析 2 0 0 0年 1月～ 2 0 0 1年 1 0月呼吸道感染患者痰细菌分离株及耐药情况。结果G- 杆菌占 67.4% ,G+菌 2 1 .3 % ,真菌 1 1 .3 %。G- 杆菌中占前三位的为铜绿假单胞菌 (2 6 .1 % ) ,不动杆菌 (2 3 .4% ) ,肺炎克雷伯杆菌 (1 1 .8% ) ;G+菌以粪肠球菌为主 (39.2 % ) ,其次为链球菌 (2 3 .7% ) ,金葡菌 (8.9% ) ,其中金葡菌均为耐甲氧西林金葡菌 (MRSA)。G 杆菌对亚胺培南 /西司他丁 (泰能 )耐药率最低为 1 7.9% ,氨基糖甙类抗生素 34 .7% ,环丙沙星 44 .8% ;G+菌对万古霉素耐药率最低为 0 % ,亚胺培南 /西司他丁 1 5 .6 %。结论老年人呼吸道感染仍以G- 杆菌为主要致病菌 ,其次为G+菌及真菌 ;G- 杆菌耐药菌株及MRSA感染比例增高 ,结合老年患者临床特点 ,根据药敏试验调整抗生素治疗 Objective To raise awareness of the pathogens and drug resistance of respiratory tract infections in the elderly in recent years. Methods The sputum bacterial isolates and drug resistance of patients with respiratory tract infections from January 2000 to January 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Results G-Bacillus accounted for 67.4%, G + bacteria 21.3%, fungi 11.3%. Among the top three G-bacilli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26.1%), Acinetobacter (23.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.8%) were the most common G- Enterococcus faecalis (39.2%), followed by Streptococcus (23.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (8.9%), of which Staphylococcus aureus were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The lowest rate of drug resistance of imipenem / cilastatin to tacrolimus was 1 7.9%, aminoglycoside antibiotics 34.7% and ciprofloxacin 44.8% The lowest resistance rate was 0%, imipenem / cilastatin 15.6%. Conclusions G- bacilli are the main pathogenic bacteria in the elderly, followed by G + bacteria and fungi. The proportion of drug-resistant strains of G-bacilli and MRSA infection is increased. According to the clinical features of elderly patients, antibiotic therapy is adjusted according to drug sensitivity test