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为了解四川省≤ 3岁儿童乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )疫苗接种率及乙肝病毒表面抗原 (HBsAg)携带率 ,采用组群抽样法 ,全省分成三层 ,城市一层 ,农村按经济状况分为一般农村和贫困农村 ,于 2 0 0 2年 5～ 7月对 35 5 8名适龄儿童进行了调查。结果显示 :1～ 3岁儿童乙肝疫苗接种率、首针及时接种率、全程接种率和全程及时接种率分别为79 93%、5 5 11%、6 6 13%、5 0 12 % ;城市儿童的四项接种率均非常明显地高于农村儿童 (χ2 =2 6 6 870、371 2 6 8、71 170、30 2 387,P均 <0 0 1)。<1岁儿童乙肝疫苗接种率为 86 4 9%。城市 <1岁儿童首针及时接种率为 79 0 2 % ,非常明显地高于农村儿童 (χ2 =4 0 4 98,P <0 0 1)。住院和在家分娩儿童的首针及时接种率分别为6 6 6 7%和 2 2 0 1% ,差异有非常显著的统计学意义 (χ2 =4 77 0 96 ,P <0 0 0 1)。该人群HBsAg携带率为 3 0 6 % ,较 1992年同年龄组人群HBsAg携带率下降了 6 0 2 1% ;城市儿童HBsAg携带率明显低于贫困农村儿童 (χ2 =8 0 95 ,P <0 0 5 ) ;有接种史的儿童其HBsAg携带率非常明显地低于无接种史的儿童 (χ2 =31 997,P <0 0 0 1)。因此 ,乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫后 ,提高农村 ,特别是贫困农村新生儿乙肝疫苗接种率和首针及时接种率 ,是今后工作的重
To understand the hepatitis B (hepatitis B) vaccination rate and the carrier rate of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) in children less than 3 years old in Sichuan Province, using the method of cluster sampling, the province is divided into three levels, one level in the city, and the rural areas are classified according to the economic status In general rural areas and poor rural areas, 35 5 8 school-age children were surveyed in May-July 2002. The results showed that the coverage rate of hepatitis B vaccination, the first vaccination, the full vaccination rate and the timely vaccination coverage rate were 79 93%, 51 11%, 66 13% and 50 12% respectively for children aged 1-3 years; urban children The four vaccination rates were significantly higher than that of rural children (χ2 = 266870, 371268, 7170, 302387, all P <0 01). Hepatitis B vaccination rate of 1 year old children was 86 4 9%. The first vaccination of urban children aged <1 year was 79.02%, significantly higher than that of rural children (χ2 = 4.9898, P <0.01). The first-time inoculation rates of children hospitalized and delivered at home were 66.67% and 20.01%, respectively, with significant differences (χ2 = 4 77 0 96, P 0 01). The population carrying rate of HBsAg was 36%, which was lower than that of the same age group in 1992. The carrying rate of HBsAg in urban children was significantly lower than that of poor rural children (χ2 = 8095, P <0 The incidence of HBsAg in children with history of vaccination was significantly lower than that in children without history of vaccination (χ2 = 31 997, P <0.01). Therefore, the hepatitis B vaccine into the planned immunization to improve rural areas, especially poor rural newborn hepatitis B vaccination rate and the first needle timely vaccination rate is the weight of future work