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为了探讨马铃薯脱毒试管苗在温室条件下的适宜扦插密度问题,利用早熟品种荷兰15号、中熟品种尤金和中晚熟品种克新13号的脱毒试管苗为试验材料,种植并生产原原种。采用单因素随机设计,设密度分别为每平方米154株、182株、222株、286株、400株和667株共6个处理,用方差分析探讨了扦插密度与结薯个数(单位面积上的商品薯数、单株商品薯数、单位面积上的结薯总个数、单株结薯总个数)、产量参数(单位面积上的商品薯产量、单株商品薯产量、单位面积上的总产量、单株产量)和经济参数(利润和经济效益)的关系。研究结果表明:荷兰15号、尤金和克新13号的脱毒试管苗扦插密度每平方米在154～667株之间时,随着扦插密度的增大,其结薯总个数均逐渐增多,单株商品薯产量和单株产量均逐渐变低;这3个品种在每平方米上的商品薯产量、总产量、利润和经济效益的变化趋势不同;通过结薯个数和经济参数的综合评价,得出荷兰15号和尤金的适宜扦插密度每平方米为400株,克新13号的适宜扦插密度为286株。
In order to explore the appropriate cutting density of potato virus-free test-tube seedlings under greenhouse conditions, the early-maturing varieties Holland 15, medium-maturing cultivar Eugene and middle-late maturing cultivar Kexin 13 were used as experimental material to plant and produce original Original species. Using single-factor random design, the density was set at 154 plants per square meter, 182 plants, 222 plants, 286 plants, 400 plants and 667 plants respectively. The variance analysis was used to investigate the relationship between the density of cuttings and the number of tubers The number of tubers per plant, the number of tubers per unit area, the total number of tubers per unit area, the total number of tubers per plant), yield parameters (potato yield per unit area, potato yield per plant, unit area On the total output, yield per plant) and economic parameters (profit and economic benefits). The results showed that when the cuttage density of virus-free test-tube plantlets in Holland 15, Eugene and Kexin 13 was between 154 and 667 plants per square meter, the total number of tubers gradually increased with the increase of cutting density The output of potato products per plant and the yield per plant all gradually became lower. The trend of output, total output, profit and economic benefits of the three varieties in each square meter were different. According to the number of tubers and the economic parameters The results showed that the suitable cutting density of Netherlands 15 and Eugene was 400 plants per square meter, and that of Kexin 13 was 286.