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以江西省赣南地区牛孜石、画眉坳、西华山钨矿尾砂库为研究对象,采集钨尾砂样品3份,使用标准筛将其细分为7个粒径等级(<25μm、25~50μm、50~75μm、75~150μm、150~300μm、300~450μm、>450μm)。以BCR连续提取法对重金属进行形态提取,ICP-OES测定不同粒径钨尾砂颗粒物中Cr、Mn、Cu、Zn、Cd、As、Pb、Ni重金属各形态的含量。研究结果表明:不同粒径的尾砂中重金属的含量差异明显,Cu、Zn元素在粒径>380μm的颗粒物中含量较高,Cr、Cd、Pb、Ni、Mn元素则在粒径<25μm的颗粒物中有着很高的含量,特别是Pb,该粒径中的含量远高于其他任何粒径区间。重金属形态随尾砂粒径分布表明:不同矿区同一粒径的尾砂各形态重金属所占比例差异明显,但相同的是,粒径大于450μm的颗粒物中Cu、Zn可交换态形式所占比例较高,而粒径小于25μm的极细颗粒物中,可溶态的Ni含量很高,需要采取有效管理措施以遏制可能发生的污染。
A total of three samples of tungsten tailings were collected from the tailings reservoirs of the Ni-Zi, Humei Au and Xihuashan tungsten in Jiangxi Province in Jiangxi Province. They were subdivided into seven particle size classes (<25μm, 25 ~ 50μm, 50 ~ 75μm, 75 ~ 150μm, 150 ~ 300μm, 300 ~ 450μm,> 450μm). The contents of Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, As, Pb and Ni in heavy metals were determined by BCR continuous extraction method and ICP-OES. The results show that the contents of heavy metals in tailings with different grain sizes are obviously different. The contents of Cu and Zn are higher in particles with grain size> 380μm. The contents of Cr, Cd, Pb, Ni and Mn in grains with grain size <25μm Particulate has a very high content, especially Pb, the content of this particle size is much higher than any other particle size range. The distribution of heavy metals with the tailings shows that there are obvious differences in the proportions of the heavy metals in the tailings with the same particle size in different mining areas, but in the same way, the proportion of exchangeable forms of Cu and Zn in the particles larger than 450μm High, and the particle size is less than 25μm very fine particles, soluble Ni content is high, the need to take effective management measures to curb possible pollution.