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褐家鼠是南宁市城乡室内优势鼠种和防制的主要对象。1989年4月—1990年12月我们对其进行了室内摄食量试验、现场盗食率测定及现场防制效果研究。选择性摄食试验结果表明,褐家鼠喜食大米、稻谷和玉米粉(粒),摄食系数为1.8、1.0和1.6(0.4);在无选择摄食试验中还喜食混合饵料,摄食系数大多数大于1,其次为麦麸、黄豆麸、花生、黄豆、马铃薯和木薯,摄食系数分别为0.7—1。对大米、稻谷、玉米、木薯的盗食率分别为55.7％、38.4％、33.9％、23.2％;各自配成的敌鼠钠盐毒饵的盗食率分别为63.0％、46.0％、42.5％和29.0％。现场防制家鼠的防效为75.4％—85.0％。根据上述结果,我们认为目前我区毒杀褐家鼠选择诱饵的原则是:因时制宜、因地制宜,以大米、稻谷和玉米为配制毒饵的首选饵料,辅以非粮饵料,如大力开发以玉米为基饵的多种诱饵混配料,扩大诱饵选择范围,可达到降低成本、提高经济效益和灭鼠效率的目的。
Rattus norvegicus is the dominant species in urban and rural areas of Nanning City and the main target of prevention and control. From April 1989 to December 1990, we conducted indoor food intake test, on-site theft rate determination and field control study. The results of selective ingestion test showed that Rattus norvegicus fed on rice, rice and corn meal (grain) with feed ratios of 1.8, 1.0 and 1.6 (0.4). In the non-selective feeding test, Greater than 1, followed by wheat bran, soy bran, peanuts, soybeans, potatoes and cassava, feeding coefficient were 0.7-1. The theft rates of rice, rice, corn and cassava were 55.7%, 38.4%, 33.9% and 23.2%, respectively; and the stealing and feeding rates of the respective enemy sodium salt baits were 63.0%, 46.0%, 42.5% and 29.0% respectively. On-site prevention and control of domestic mice was 75.4% -85.0%. Based on the above results, we believe that the current principle of selective poison bait in Rattus norvegicus in our district is that we should develop rice bait with rice, rice and corn according to the local conditions and according to local conditions, supplemented by non-food bait, Corn bait bait for a variety of bait ingredients, bait to expand the scope of choice, can reduce costs and improve economic efficiency and rodent control efficiency purposes.