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北美大豆猝死综合症病菌引起的大豆猝死症与大豆胞囊线虫病联合导致大豆严重减产。本研究的目的是确定玉米、大豆轮作对降低猝死症的有效性,若轮作有利于大豆根部健康,则可以改进病害防治措施。试验田设在印第安纳商业用地,2003—2006年期间为玉米—大豆轮作两次循环,但是没有提供玉米—大豆轮作与大豆连作的产量效益对比。轮作区叶片和根部猝死症的严重程度均不低于大豆连作区。在某一试验点,与轮作相比,大豆连作抑制了猝死症的发生,但是大豆胞囊线虫大量繁殖。在另一试验点,大豆连作抑制了大豆胞囊线虫的繁殖,但是所有处理中猝死症均受到了抑制。数据表明,土壤抑制能单独影响猝死症的重要病原体。因为大豆胞囊线虫能够增强猝死症的症状,因此大豆胞囊线虫的抑制也会减轻猝死症的发生程度。目前,由大豆+玉米构成的轮作系统易导致土传病害复合发生,因此,简单的玉米大豆轮作被认为不具有可持续性。虽然在此试验中大豆连作能抑制病害,但是由于试验以外的环境因素的影响,包括其他作物在内的轮作可能有利于提高大豆玉米生产系统的可持续性。
Soybean sudden death syndrome caused by North American Sudden Soybean Suddenosis Syndrome combined with Soybean cyst nematode disease resulted in serious soybean yield loss. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of maize and soybean rotation in reducing sudden death syndrome. If the rotation is beneficial to the health of soybean root, disease prevention and control measures can be improved. The trial site was located in Indiana commercial sites and ran two cycles of corn-soybean rotation between 2003 and 2006, but did not provide yield-benefit comparisons of corn-soybean rotation with soybean. Crop rotation and root sudden death syndrome severity are not lower than soybean continuous cropping area. At a certain point, soybean continuous cropping suppressed the incidence of sudden death compared with rotation, but the soybean cyst nematode multiplied. In another experiment, soybean continuous cropping inhibited the growth of soybean cyst nematode, but all the treatment of sudden death were inhibited. The data suggest that soil suppression alone affects important pathogens of sudden death syndrome. Because Soybean cyst nematode can enhance the symptoms of sudden death syndrome, inhibition of soybean cyst nematode will also reduce the incidence of sudden death syndrome. At present, the rotation system consisting of soybean and corn can easily lead to soil-borne disease compounding. Therefore, simple rotation of corn and soybean is considered unsustainable. Although Soybean continuous cropping can suppress disease in this experiment, rotation, including other crops, may be conducive to increasing the sustainability of the Soybean Maize production system due to environmental factors other than testing.