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目的对我国某石煤综合利用项目灰渣建材的辐射环境影响进行了预测评价研究。方法通过石煤灰渣中放射性核素浓度估算灰渣建材中放射性核素浓度,评估对公众造成的辐射剂量及建材的辐射射风险指数。结果石煤灰渣用作建筑主体材料后将明显增高公众辐射照射剂量,包括γ辐射外照射和氡吸入内照射剂量。结论建议根据灰渣建材的工艺,加强监测和管理,有选择地用于建材生产,满足国家标准对建材中放射性核素限量的要求,减少公众使用石煤灰渣建材而受到的辐射照射。
Objective To evaluate the radiation environment of the ash building materials in a comprehensive utilization project of stone coal in our country. Methods The radionuclide concentration in ash building materials was estimated by the concentration of radionuclides in the stone coal ash slag, and the radiation dose to the public and radiation risk index of building materials were evaluated. Results The use of stone coal ash as the main building material will significantly increase the public radiation dose, including gamma radiation and radon internal radiation dose. Conclusion It is suggested that monitoring and management should be strengthened according to the technology of ash building materials and be selectively used for the production of building materials so as to meet the national standards for the requirements of radionuclides in building materials and to reduce the radiation exposure of public using stone coal ash building materials.